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基层医疗机构护士心理资本与死亡素养的相关性研究
DOI: 10.12209/j.hrssx.2026060206
基金项目:
A Study on the Correlation between Psychological Capital and Death Literacy of Nurses in Primary Health Care
摘要
目的 调查基层医疗机构护士心理资本与死亡素养的现状，探讨两者关系及影响因素。方法 采用分层抽样的方法，选取成都市22个县（市、区）的1700名护士作为调查对象，使用一般资料调查表、死亡素养指数量表及护士心理资本量表进行横断面调查。采用SPSS26.0进行数据的统计分析，采用Pearson相关分析及多重线性回归分析。结果 回收有效问卷1524份，有效回收率为89.6%。基层医疗机构护士的心理资本总分均分为144.61±17.08，条目均分为4.83±0.57；死亡素养总分均分为203.94±33.05分，条目均分为7.04±1.13分；心理资本与死亡素养呈正相关（r=0.602，P\textless0.01）；多重线性回归分析显示：年龄、生育子女、疗护终末期患者经历、疗护已故亲属经历、接受生死教育培训，以及心理资本中希望、协作、责任和自信维度是PHC护士死亡素养的独立影响因素（P\textless0.05）。结论 基层医疗机构护士的心理资本处于较高水平，死亡素养处于中等偏上水平，建议基层医疗机构加强对护士心理资本的训练，缓解死亡压力，开展分层递进的死亡教育课程，将死亡素养培训纳入继续教育必修学分，更好地应对死亡问题。
Abstract
Objective To investigate the current status of psychological capital and death literacy among nurses in primary health care, and to explore the relationship between the two and the factors influencing them. Methods A stratified sampling method was employed to select 1,700 nurses from 22 counties (cities and districts) in Chengdu as the study subjects. A cross-sectional survey was conducted using a demographic questionnaire, the Death Literacy Index Scale, and the Nurses’ Psychological Capital Scale. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0, employing Pearson’s correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis. Results A total of 1,524 valid questionnaires were returned, yielding a response rate of 89.6%. The mean total score for psychological capital among nurses in primary health care was 144.61 ± 17.08, with a mean item score of 4.83 ± 0.57; the mean total score for death literacy was 203.94 ± 33.05, with a mean item score of 7.04 ± 1.13; psychological capital was positively correlated with death literacy (r = 0.602, P < 0.01)，and positive correlations were also observed between their respective dimensions. The multiple linear regression analysis revealed that age, number of children, experience of caring for patients at the end of life, experience of caring for deceased relatives, receipt of life-and-death education training, and the dimensions of hope, collaboration, responsibility and self-confidence within psychological capital were independent predictors of death literacy among nurses (P < 0.05). Conclusion Nurses in primary health care exhibit high levels of psychological capital and above-average levels of death literacy. It is recommended that primary health care strengthen training in psychological capital for nurses to alleviate death-related stress, implement tiered and progressive death education programmes, and incorporate death literacy training into compulsory continuing education credits to better address issues surrounding death.

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图1主要系统原理图1
Fig.1Main system schematic diagram

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